13. The policies of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank II (West Berlin, 26-29 September 1988)

Following calls from various social organisations and as part of the international protests against the management of foreign debt, the Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal held a session on the policies of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, at the request of the American Association of Jurists in West Berlin from 26 to 29 September…

12. The interventions of the United States in Nicaragua (Brussels, 5-8 October 1984)

The Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal session on Nicaragua, held in Brussels from 5 to 8 October 1984, examined the allegations of aggression levelled against the United States by various Nicaraguan organisations and social groups in light of fundamental international legal principles. The Tribunal analysed the political, military, economic and logistical support that the United States provided…

11. Armenian Genocide (Paris, 13-16 April 1984)

At the request of three international organisations — the Groupement pour les Droits des Minorités in Paris, Cultural Survival in Cambridge, and Gesellschaft für Bedrohte Völker in Göttingen — the Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal has convened a session dedicated to the Armenian Genocide. The session will address three fundamental questions: did the massacres and deportations perpetrated…

10. Guatemala (Madrid, 27-31 January 1983)

At the request of the Comisión de los derechos humanos de Guatemala, the Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal held a session on Guatemala in Madrid from 27 to 31 January 1983, one year after General Efraín Ríos Montt’s coup d’état. The proceedings revealed the military regime’s shift towards authoritarianism, the suspension of constitutional rights, and the systematic…

09. Afghanistan II (Paris, 16-20 December 1982)

From 16 to 20 December 1982, the Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal held a second session on Afghanistan in Paris to conclude its investigation into violations of international humanitarian law during the conflict. This investigation was based on the work of the Special Commission established at the previous session in Stockholm. Based on evidence gathered regarding methods…

07. Timor East (Lisbon, 19-21 June 1981)

At the request of the Frente Revolucionário de Timor-Leste Independente (FRETILIN), the Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal held a session on East Timor in Lisbon from 29 June to 2 July 1981. The session examined the consequences of the territory’s decolonisation process and Indonesian military occupation, as well as the serious violations of the Timorese people’s rights,…

06 Afghanistan I (Stockholm, 1-3 May 1981)

From 1 to 3 May 1981, the Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal held its first session on Afghanistan in Stockholm, examining the consequences of the Soviet military intervention in December 1979. Against the backdrop of widespread international condemnation of the invasion by the United Nations and numerous states, the session aimed to ascertain whether the intervention complied…